Side effects of oral contraceptives include which of the following?

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Multiple Choice

Side effects of oral contraceptives include which of the following?

Estrogen-containing oral contraceptives raise the risk of thromboembolic events, including pulmonary embolism and stroke. Estrogen boosts the liver’s production of clotting factors and can reduce natural anticoagulant activity, creating a hypercoagulable state. This makes clot formation more likely in both arteries and veins, leading to events like PE or ischemic stroke, especially in those who smoke, are older, have a personal or family history of thrombosis, or have certain clotting disorders. Hyperglycemia, hypotension, and renal failure are not typical or direct adverse effects associated with standard oral contraceptives.

Estrogen-containing oral contraceptives raise the risk of thromboembolic events, including pulmonary embolism and stroke. Estrogen boosts the liver’s production of clotting factors and can reduce natural anticoagulant activity, creating a hypercoagulable state. This makes clot formation more likely in both arteries and veins, leading to events like PE or ischemic stroke, especially in those who smoke, are older, have a personal or family history of thrombosis, or have certain clotting disorders.

Hyperglycemia, hypotension, and renal failure are not typical or direct adverse effects associated with standard oral contraceptives.

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